{"id":10397,"date":"2022-02-27T05:31:18","date_gmt":"2022-02-27T05:31:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/TheNextWeb=1381499"},"modified":"2022-02-27T05:31:18","modified_gmt":"2022-02-27T05:31:18","slug":"can-we-get-sweat-sensors-in-our-fitness-wearables-already","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/?p=10397","title":{"rendered":"Can we get sweat sensors in our fitness wearables already?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Sweat is a biological fluid \u2014 like blood, saliva and urine \u2014 that contains metabolites, electrolytes, proteins and hormones. The levels of these vary depending on a person\u2019s health. Wearable sweat sensors have been developed to track users\u2019 health condition and monitor the levels of these substances (known as analytes) in sweat<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Lactate is considered an important biomarker thanks to its involvement in anaerobic metabolism. The undesired accumulation of lactate in muscles can result in fatigue, so changes in the concentration of lactate in sweat can be used to monitor fatigue. At Simon Fraser University\u2019s Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, we have developed a flexible sensor for sweat lactate<\/a>.<\/p>\n

The benefit of using wearable sweat sensors is the capability for real-time, non-invasive and continuous monitoring of sweat. However, there are still challenges that must be overcome for practical biomedical applications such as diagnosis of health conditions.<\/p>\n

Sweat challenges<\/h2>\n

One of the first hurdles in developing a reliable sweat sensor is the difficulty of collecting and routing of sweat. There are various methods for sampling sweat for sensing. One of the most representative approaches for collecting sweat is using microfluidic systems with channels that deliver sweat<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Absorbent materials like cloth can also be used for sweat sampling for sensing<\/a>. However, sampling sweat takes time, and how to handle the sweat sample and supply it in the sensing region in a continuous and stable manner remains a challenge for real-time measurement through continuous sensing of freshly generated sweat.<\/p>\n

One of the most recent demonstrations used an integrated microfluidic system with thermo-responsive hydrogels<\/a>. This system demonstrated significant potential for programmable control of sweat routing and sensing, which will improve the sweat handling for future sweat sensors.<\/p>\n

Secondly, there is no single representative analyte in sweat. Sweat sensors can detect analytes<\/a> such as ammonia, ethanol<\/a>, ions, glucose, lactate, sweat chloride, pH, urea and creatinine, but there isn\u2019t a single analyte that can independently provide a significant picture of an individual\u2019s health. This means that sweat sensors must be able to measure many different substances in sweat to provide a useful report.<\/p>\n

There are several sweat sensor products coming to market that measure analytes like the protein cytokine<\/a> and glucose and lactate<\/a>.<\/p>\n

A third challenge is the reliability and accuracy of sweat sensors. If we measure the level of a target analyte from sweat, can we determine how reliable the result is in terms of judging the level of the same analyte in subject\u2019s blood?<\/p>\n

We still need to determine the relationship between levels of analyte in sweat and blood<\/a>, and the relationship between sweats from different parts of body<\/a>. This recent study demonstrated that sweat bio-sensing can provide blood-correlated ethanol concentration data, which gives us hope that it may be possible to find blood-correlated concentrations for other analytes as well.<\/p>\n

\"People
Credit: David Moruzzi \/ Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption>
<\/i><\/a>People living with diseases like diabetes can benefit from non-invasive and real-time monitoring. Image: David Moruzzi \/ Unsplash<\/figcaption>