{"id":2089,"date":"2021-01-05T11:07:17","date_gmt":"2021-01-05T11:07:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/?p=1333056"},"modified":"2021-01-05T11:07:17","modified_gmt":"2021-01-05T11:07:17","slug":"here-are-the-6-most-exciting-space-missions-of-2021","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/?p=2089","title":{"rendered":"Here are the 6 most exciting space missions of 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Space exploration achieved several notable firsts in 2020 despite the COVID-19 pandemic, including <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/spacex-astronaut-launch-heres-the-rocket-science-139398\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">commercial human spaceflight<\/a> and returning <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/hayabusa-2-returning-asteroid-sample-could-help-uncover-the-origins-of-life-and-the-solar-system-151415\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">samples of an asteroid<\/a> to Earth.<\/p>\n<p>The coming year is shaping up to be just as interesting. Here are some of the missions to keep an eye out for.<\/p>\n<h2>Artemis 1<\/h2>\n<p>Artemis 1 is the first flight of the Nasa-led, international <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/what-is-artemis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Artemis program<\/a> to return astronauts to the Moon by 2024. This will consist of an uncrewed Orion spacecraft which will be sent on a three-week flight around the Moon. IT will reach a maximum distance from Earth of 450,000&nbsp;km \u2013 the farthest into space that any spacecraft that can transport humans will have ever flown.<\/p>\n<p>Artemis 1 will be launched into Earth orbit on the first NASA <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/exploration\/systems\/sls\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Space Launch System<\/a>, which will be the most powerful rocket in operation. From Earth orbit, the Orion will be propelled onto a different path towards the Moon by the rocket\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/sls\/interim_cryogenic_propulsion_stage_141030.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">interim cryogenic propulsion stage<\/a>. The Orion capsule will then travel to the Moon under the power provided by a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2020\/11\/Bye_bye_European_Service_Module_see_you_in_space\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">service module<\/a> supplied by the European Space Agency (Esa).<\/p>\n<figure><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XcPtQYalkcs?wmode=transparent&amp;start=0\" width=\"440\" height=\"260\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\">[embedded content]<\/iframe><\/figure>\n<p>The mission will provide engineers back on Earth with a chance to evaluate how the spacecraft performs in deep space and serve as a prelude to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/feature\/nasa-s-first-flight-with-crew-important-step-on-long-term-return-to-the-moon-missions-to\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">later crewed<\/a> lunar missions. The launch of Artemis 1 is currently scheduled for late in 2021.<\/p>\n<h2>Mars missions<\/h2>\n<p>In February, Mars will receive a flotilla of terrestrial robotic guests from several countries. The United Arab Emirates\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/spaceflightnow.com\/2020\/07\/19\/united-arab-emirates-successfully-sends-its-first-mission-toward-mars\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Al Amal (Hope)<\/a> spacecraft is the Arab world\u2019s first interplanetary mission. It is scheduled to arrive in Mars orbit on February 9, where it will spend two years monitoring the Martian weather and disappearing atmosphere.<\/p>\n<p>Arriving within a couple of weeks after Al Amal will be the China National Space Administration\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.planetary.org\/space-missions\/tianwen-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Tianwen-1<\/a>, consisting of an orbiter and a surface rover. The spacecraft will enter Martian orbit for several months before deploying the rover to the surface. If it succeeds, China will become the third country to land anything on Mars. The mission has several objectives including mapping the mineral composition of the surface and searching for sub-surface water deposits.<\/p>\n<p><em>[Read:&nbsp;<a class=\"c-link c-message_attachment__title_link\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/dutch-disruptors\/2020\/12\/15\/meet-the-4-scale-ups-using-data-to-save-the-planet\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" data-qa=\"message_attachment_title_link\"><span dir=\"auto\">Meet the 4 scale-ups using data to save the planet<\/span><\/a>]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>NASA\u2019s Perseverance rover will land at <a href=\"https:\/\/mars.nasa.gov\/mars2020\/mission\/science\/landing-site\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Jezero Crater<\/a> on February 18 and search for any signs of ancient life which may have been preserved in the clay deposits there. Critically, it will also store a cache of Martian surface samples on board as the first part in a <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/life-on-mars-europe-commits-to-groundbreaking-mission-to-bring-back-rocks-to-earth-128328\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">highly ambitious<\/a> international program to return samples of Mars to Earth.<\/p>\n<h2>Chandrayaan-3<\/h2>\n<p>In March 2021, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is planning to launch its third lunar mission: Chandrayaan-3. Chandrayaan-1 launched in 2008 and was one of the first <a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/science\/story\/chandrayaan-1-12-years-from-discovering-water-molecules-to-boosting-india-space-prowess-1734091-2020-10-22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">major missions in the Indian space program<\/a>. Comprising an orbiter and a surface penetrator probe, the mission was one of the first to confirm <a href=\"https:\/\/solarsystem.nasa.gov\/missions\/chandrayaan-1\/in-depth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">evidence of lunar water<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, contact with the satellite was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/dn17715-indias-first-lunar-probe-fails-after-less-than-a-year\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">lost less than a year later<\/a>. Sadly, there was a similar mishap with its successor, Chandrayaan-2, which consisted of an orbiter, a lander (Vikram), and a lunar rover (Pragyan).<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center \" readability=\"1.4222222222222\">\n<p><figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373358\/original\/file-20201207-23-w5nwov.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" alt=\"Computer image of a satellite above the Moon.\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" class=\" lazy\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373358\/original\/file-20201207-23-w5nwov.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=600&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373358\/original\/file-20201207-23-w5nwov.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=600&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373358\/original\/file-20201207-23-w5nwov.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=600&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373358\/original\/file-20201207-23-w5nwov.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=754&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373358\/original\/file-20201207-23-w5nwov.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=754&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373358\/original\/file-20201207-23-w5nwov.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=754&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/syndication\/2021\/01\/05\/here-are-the-6-most-exciting-space-missions-of-2021\/#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthenextweb.com%2Fsyndication%2F2021%2F01%2F05%2Fhere-are-the-6-most-exciting-space-missions-of-2021%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Artist depiction of the Chandrayaan-2 lunar mission from India. Raymond Cassel\/Shuttestock\" data-title=\"Share Artist depiction of the Chandrayaan-2 lunar mission from India. Raymond Cassel\/Shuttestock on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Artist depiction of the Chandrayaan-2 lunar mission from India. Raymond Cassel\/Shuttestock on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"><\/i><\/a>Artist depiction of the Chandrayaan-2 lunar mission from India. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-illustration\/artist-depiction-chandrayaan-2-lunar-mission-1485515831\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Raymond Cassel\/Shuttestock<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>Chandrayaan-3 was <a href=\"https:\/\/www.space.com\/india-confirms-moon-landing-mission-chandrayaan-3.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">announced a few months later<\/a>. It will consist of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.indiatoday.in\/science\/story\/chandrayaan-3-to-be-launched-in-2021-sans-orbiter-images-suggest-moon-rusting-along-poles-1719277-2020-09-07\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">only a lander and rover<\/a>, as the previous mission\u2019s orbiter is still functioning and providing data.<\/p>\n<p>If all goes well the Chandrayaan-3 rover will touch down in the lunar South Pole\u2019s Aitken basin. It\u2019s of particular interest as it is thought to host numerous deposits of subsurface water ice \u2013 a vital component for any future <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-to-build-a-moon-base-120259\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">sustainable lunar habitation<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>James Webb Space Telescope<\/h2>\n<p>The James Webb Space Telescope <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-hubbles-successor-will-give-us-a-glimpse-into-the-very-first-galaxies-45970\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">is the successor<\/a> to the Hubble Space Telescope, but has had a rocky path to being launched. Initially planned for a 2007 launch, the Webb telescope is almost 14 years late and has cost roughly <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2018\/8\/1\/17627560\/james-webb-space-telescope-cost-estimate-nasa-northrop-grumman\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">US$10 billion<\/a> (\u00a37.4 billion) after apparent underestimates and overruns similar to those experienced by Hubble.<\/p>\n<p>Whereas Hubble has provided some amazing views of the universe in visible and ultraviolet region of light, Webb is planning to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jwst.nasa.gov\/content\/about\/comparisonWebbVsHubble.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">focus observations in the infrared wavelength band<\/a>. The reason for this is that when observing really distant objects there will probably be gas clouds in the way.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center \" readability=\"3.6666666666667\">\n<p><figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373364\/original\/file-20201207-17-2pd60z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" alt=\"Computer enhanced image of a swirling galaxy with bright light at centre.\" width=\"600\" height=\"513\" class=\" lazy\" data-lazy=\"true\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373364\/original\/file-20201207-17-2pd60z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=513&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373364\/original\/file-20201207-17-2pd60z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=513&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373364\/original\/file-20201207-17-2pd60z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=513&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373364\/original\/file-20201207-17-2pd60z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=645&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373364\/original\/file-20201207-17-2pd60z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=645&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/373364\/original\/file-20201207-17-2pd60z.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=645&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"><figcaption><a href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/syndication\/2021\/01\/05\/here-are-the-6-most-exciting-space-missions-of-2021\/#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthenextweb.com%2Fsyndication%2F2021%2F01%2F05%2Fhere-are-the-6-most-exciting-space-missions-of-2021%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: The galaxy NGC 2275 seen by Hubble. Esa\/Hubble &amp; Nasa, J. Lee and the PHANGS-HST Team;, CC BY-SA\" data-title=\"Share The galaxy NGC 2275 seen by Hubble. Esa\/Hubble &amp; Nasa, J. Lee and the PHANGS-HST Team;, CC BY-SA on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share The galaxy NGC 2275 seen by Hubble. Esa\/Hubble &amp; Nasa, J. Lee and the PHANGS-HST Team;, CC BY-SA on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"><\/i><\/a>The galaxy NGC 2275 seen by Hubble. Esa\/Hubble &amp; Nasa, J. Lee and the PHANGS-HST Team;, <a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">CC BY-SA<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>These gas clouds block really small wavelengths of light, such as X-rays and ultraviolet light, while longer wavelengths like infra-red, microwave, and radio can get through more easily. So by observing in these longer wavelengths we should see more of the universe.<\/p>\n<p>Webb also has a much bigger mirror of 6.5-metre diameter compared to Hubble\u2019s 2.4-meter diameter mirror \u2013 essential for improving image resolution and seeing finer detail.<\/p>\n<p>The primary mission of Webb is to look at light from galaxies at the edge of the universe which can tell us about how the first stars, galaxies, and planetary systems formed. Potentially this could include some information about the origin of life as well, as Webb is planning on imaging exoplanet atmospheres in high detail, searching for the building blocks of life. Do they exist on other planets, and if so, how did they get there?<\/p>\n<p>We are also likely to be treated to some <a href=\"https:\/\/www.discovermagazine.com\/the-sciences\/happy-birthday-hubble-the-telescopes-most-underrated-images\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">stunning images<\/a> similar to those produced by Hubble. Webb is currently scheduled to launch on an Ariane 5 rocket on October 31.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/151622\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\" lazy\" data-lazy=\"true\"><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><em>This article by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/ian-whittaker-425597\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Ian Whittaker<\/a>, Senior Lecturer in Physics, <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/nottingham-trent-university-1338\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Nottingham Trent University<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/gareth-dorrian-206088\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Gareth Dorrian<\/a>, Post Doctoral Research Fellow in Space Science, <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-birmingham-1138\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">University of Birmingham<\/a>&nbsp;is republished from <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/six-space-missions-to-look-forward-to-in-2021-151622\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">original article<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p> <a href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/syndication\/2021\/01\/05\/here-are-the-6-most-exciting-space-missions-of-2021\/\">Source<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Space exploration achieved several notable firsts in 2020 despite the COVID-19 pandemic, including commercial human spaceflight and returning samples of an asteroid to Earth. The coming year is shaping up to be&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2090,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2089"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2089"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2089\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2090"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2089"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2089"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.londonchiropracter.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2089"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}